第四十七輯 - 2001-07-31

心理分析在教育上的運用與評析

The Application of European Psychoanalysis in Education: Analysis and Criticism

作 者:
張淑媚 / Shu-Mei Chang
關鍵字:
心理分析、心理分析導向的教育、佛洛依德、安娜佛洛依德、教育改革 / Psycho-analysis、Freud、Anna Freud、Sigmund
  • 摘要
  • 英文摘要
  • 參考文獻
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發源於十九世紀末的心理分析學說,在心理學以及兒童發展心理學上都影響深遠。但是其究竟如何與教育連結,在教育上應用,卻一向為人所忽略。在教育上通常強調人性健全發展的概念,Freud病態又怪異的人類圖像,如何在教育上應用?而且心理分析起始於對精神官能症患者的治療,頂多侷限在醫學範圍內,如何又轉移到教育領域上?本文即欲證成心理分析已經跨出醫療範圍應用在教育上,有其教育史的發展脈絡。然而因為其教育活動的失敗,理論上無法克服的問題,社會環境的轉變以及發展方向又轉回醫療領域等原因,導致心理分析導向的教育已經式微。儘管如此,並不表示它已經終結,心理分析對現代教育改革的影響仍在。
This article discusses the relationship between psycho-analysis and educational theory. The psycho-analytical approach has been applied to educational praxis in the past and has left its mark on the history of European education. However, since World War Ⅱ, the psycho-analytical education lost much of its significance, mainly due to three reasons: insufficiencies in educational praxis, unsolvable theoretical problems and the renewed efforts to apply psycho-analysis in medical sphere. However, psycho-analysis has had a tremendous influence on educational theory and praxis.